Ghalian's movement has been one of the introspective movements in the Islamic society, which has groups under it. In the first and second centuries, these groups have more social-political aspects, but later they started to formulate their own esoteric teachings and beliefs. They tried to present an introspective reading of Islam, which was largely influenced by the ideas and schools already existing in the Islamic lands, especially in the Mesopotamia region. One of the oldest and most extensive esoteric thoughts in this region is the Gnostic thought, which has many readings in various Jewish, Christian, Sabean and Manichean groups present in the Mesopotamia region. The basis of this thinking was based on duality, inner knowledge and salvation through it with human guidance. Ghalian tried to take different characteristics of Gnostic thought and combine it with Islamic teachings and presents a new and esoteric reading of Islam.

In this research, we intend to examine the characteristics of Gnostic thought in Ghalian thought. The method of work in this work is based on collecting evidence and clues from authentic historical books and nations.

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