This article analyzes the fundamental transformation in the relationship between God and man in Judaism and examines the unique role of Abraham (AS) in this transformation. In ancient societies, human relationships with multiple gods were shaped by ritual and mediation, but Abraham (AS) rejected these beliefs and introduced monotheism in the form of a bilateral and binding covenant. This transformation not only changed the concepts of divinity, but also redefined the religious, moral, and social identity of the Israelites. The Abrahamic covenant, presented in Jewish sacred texts as a lasting covenant between God and man, includes divine promises and moral obligations that obligate Abraham and his descendants to observe the principles of monotheism and justice. This concept has had a broad impact on the development of other Abrahamic religions, including Christianity and Islam, and has shaped their belief and social structures. The present study, using the method of comparative analysis and examining historical and religious sources, shows that Prophet Abraham (PBUH) created a paradigm shift in the history of religions by introducing the model of monotheism within the framework of a contractual relationship. This development, especially in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, strengthened concepts such as monotheism, moral commitment, and direct communication with God, and became the foundation of the religious and social systems of these religions.