بررسی بسترهای اجتماعی کتاب مکاشفه یوحنّا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته ادیان و عرفان، دانشکدۀ حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه ادیان و عرفان، دانشکدۀ حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کتاب مکاشفه یوحنّا، از مجموعه متون آپوکالیپسی در سنت یهودی‌مسیحی است که درون‌مایه اصلی‌شان رویدادهای مربوط به پایانِ زمان است. از موضوعات محل توجه محققان، وجه اشتراک تمامی این متون در اشاره به شرایط اجتماعی دوره زمانی‌شان است که از آن با عنوان «شرایط بحران» یاد می‌شود. نویسنده کتابمکاشفه نیز در نخستین بخش آن، یعنی «نامه‌ها به کلیساهای آسیا»، به شرایط اجتماعی مسیحیان روزگار خود در اواخر سده نخست میلادی، که در هفت شهر آسیای صغیر ساکن بودند، اشاراتی دارد. برخی از اشارات ضمنی و آشکار نویسنده در متن نامه‌ها بر این دلالت دارد که مسیحیان آن مناطق از لحاظ اجتماعی و نیز از لحاظ پایداری بر اعتقادات دینی‌شان (از منظر نویسنده) در وضعیت نامطلوبی به سر می‌بردند. در این مقاله می‌کوشیم با استفاده از متن نامه‌ها و برخی شواهد تاریخی دلایل پدیدآمدن چنین شرایطی برای مسیحیان آن منطقه را بررسی کنیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Social Setting of the Apocalypse of John: A Historical Survey

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azadeh Rezaei 1
  • Fatemeh Lajevardi 2
1 PhD Candidate in Religions and Mysticism Studies, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Religions and Mysticism, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Sciennce, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

The Apocalypse of John is classified as one of the apocalypses in Judeo-Christian tradition which is mainly about the events of the End Times. Modern scholars almost agree that the writings in question always reflect the social situation of their own periods of time, which is known as “the situation of crisis”. As the author of an apocalypse, John also refers in the first part of his book, namely “the letters to the seven churches” to the social situation of the Christians who resided in the seven cities of Asia Minor towards the late first century. Some of the author’s implicit and explicit references suggest that the Christians were in unfavorable situation with regard to their social status and adherence to their Christian beliefs. This article is seeking to find out the reasons of such situation for the Christians of the region by the use of the letters, as the internal evidence, and some historical reports, as the external one.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • the situation of crisis
  • the letters to the seven churches
  • Romans
  • the Jewish
  • the Nicolaitans
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